Optimal. Leaf size=381 \[ -\frac {2 b \left (b^2-8 a c\right ) x \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}{35 c^{3/2} \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )}+\frac {x \left (b^2+10 a c+3 b c x^2\right ) \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}{35 c}+\frac {1}{7} x \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )^{3/2}+\frac {2 \sqrt [4]{a} b \left (b^2-8 a c\right ) \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^2+c x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )^2}} E\left (2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{4} \left (2-\frac {b}{\sqrt {a} \sqrt {c}}\right )\right )}{35 c^{7/4} \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{a} \left (\sqrt {a} \sqrt {c} \left (b^2-20 a c\right )+2 b \left (b^2-8 a c\right )\right ) \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^2+c x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )^2}} F\left (2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{4} \left (2-\frac {b}{\sqrt {a} \sqrt {c}}\right )\right )}{70 c^{7/4} \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}} \]
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Rubi [A]
time = 0.14, antiderivative size = 381, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps
used = 5, number of rules used = 5, integrand size = 16, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.312, Rules used = {1105, 1190,
1211, 1117, 1209} \begin {gather*} -\frac {\sqrt [4]{a} \left (\sqrt {a} \sqrt {c} \left (b^2-20 a c\right )+2 b \left (b^2-8 a c\right )\right ) \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^2+c x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )^2}} F\left (2 \text {ArcTan}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{4} \left (2-\frac {b}{\sqrt {a} \sqrt {c}}\right )\right )}{70 c^{7/4} \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}+\frac {2 \sqrt [4]{a} b \left (b^2-8 a c\right ) \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^2+c x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )^2}} E\left (2 \text {ArcTan}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{4} \left (2-\frac {b}{\sqrt {a} \sqrt {c}}\right )\right )}{35 c^{7/4} \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}-\frac {2 b x \left (b^2-8 a c\right ) \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}{35 c^{3/2} \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )}+\frac {x \left (10 a c+b^2+3 b c x^2\right ) \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}{35 c}+\frac {1}{7} x \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )^{3/2} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Rule 1105
Rule 1117
Rule 1190
Rule 1209
Rule 1211
Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )^{3/2} \, dx &=\frac {1}{7} x \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )^{3/2}+\frac {3}{7} \int \left (2 a+b x^2\right ) \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4} \, dx\\ &=\frac {x \left (b^2+10 a c+3 b c x^2\right ) \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}{35 c}+\frac {1}{7} x \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )^{3/2}+\frac {\int \frac {-a \left (b^2-20 a c\right )-2 b \left (b^2-8 a c\right ) x^2}{\sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}} \, dx}{35 c}\\ &=\frac {x \left (b^2+10 a c+3 b c x^2\right ) \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}{35 c}+\frac {1}{7} x \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )^{3/2}+\frac {\left (2 \sqrt {a} b \left (b^2-8 a c\right )\right ) \int \frac {1-\frac {\sqrt {c} x^2}{\sqrt {a}}}{\sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}} \, dx}{35 c^{3/2}}-\frac {\left (\sqrt {a} \left (\sqrt {a} \sqrt {c} \left (b^2-20 a c\right )+2 b \left (b^2-8 a c\right )\right )\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}} \, dx}{35 c^{3/2}}\\ &=-\frac {2 b \left (b^2-8 a c\right ) x \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}{35 c^{3/2} \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )}+\frac {x \left (b^2+10 a c+3 b c x^2\right ) \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}{35 c}+\frac {1}{7} x \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )^{3/2}+\frac {2 \sqrt [4]{a} b \left (b^2-8 a c\right ) \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^2+c x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )^2}} E\left (2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{4} \left (2-\frac {b}{\sqrt {a} \sqrt {c}}\right )\right )}{35 c^{7/4} \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{a} \left (\sqrt {a} \sqrt {c} \left (b^2-20 a c\right )+2 b \left (b^2-8 a c\right )\right ) \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^2+c x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )^2}} F\left (2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{4} \left (2-\frac {b}{\sqrt {a} \sqrt {c}}\right )\right )}{70 c^{7/4} \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}\\ \end {align*}
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Mathematica [C] Result contains complex when optimal does not.
time = 10.06, size = 533, normalized size = 1.40 \begin {gather*} \frac {2 c \sqrt {\frac {c}{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}} x \left (15 a^2 c+a \left (b^2+23 b c x^2+20 c^2 x^4\right )+x^2 \left (b^3+9 b^2 c x^2+13 b c^2 x^4+5 c^3 x^6\right )\right )-i b \left (b^2-8 a c\right ) \left (-b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+2 c x^2}{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}} \sqrt {\frac {2 b-2 \sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+4 c x^2}{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}} E\left (i \sinh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {2} \sqrt {\frac {c}{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}} x\right )|\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right )+i \left (-b^4+9 a b^2 c-20 a^2 c^2+b^3 \sqrt {b^2-4 a c}-8 a b c \sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+2 c x^2}{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}} \sqrt {\frac {2 b-2 \sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+4 c x^2}{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}} F\left (i \sinh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {2} \sqrt {\frac {c}{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}} x\right )|\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right )}{70 c^2 \sqrt {\frac {c}{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}} \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Maple [A]
time = 0.04, size = 471, normalized size = 1.24
method | result | size |
default | \(\frac {c \,x^{5} \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}}{7}+\frac {8 b \,x^{3} \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}}{35}+\frac {\left (\frac {9 a c}{7}+\frac {3 b^{2}}{35}\right ) x \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}}{3 c}+\frac {\left (a^{2}-\frac {\left (\frac {9 a c}{7}+\frac {3 b^{2}}{35}\right ) a}{3 c}\right ) \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {4-\frac {2 \left (-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \sqrt {4+\frac {2 \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \EllipticF \left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4+\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )}{4 \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}\, \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}}-\frac {\left (\frac {46 a b}{35}-\frac {2 \left (\frac {9 a c}{7}+\frac {3 b^{2}}{35}\right ) b}{3 c}\right ) a \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {4-\frac {2 \left (-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \sqrt {4+\frac {2 \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \left (\EllipticF \left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4+\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )-\EllipticE \left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4+\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )\right )}{2 \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}\, \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}\, \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}\) | \(471\) |
elliptic | \(\frac {c \,x^{5} \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}}{7}+\frac {8 b \,x^{3} \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}}{35}+\frac {\left (\frac {9 a c}{7}+\frac {3 b^{2}}{35}\right ) x \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}}{3 c}+\frac {\left (a^{2}-\frac {\left (\frac {9 a c}{7}+\frac {3 b^{2}}{35}\right ) a}{3 c}\right ) \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {4-\frac {2 \left (-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \sqrt {4+\frac {2 \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \EllipticF \left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4+\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )}{4 \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}\, \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}}-\frac {\left (\frac {46 a b}{35}-\frac {2 \left (\frac {9 a c}{7}+\frac {3 b^{2}}{35}\right ) b}{3 c}\right ) a \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {4-\frac {2 \left (-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \sqrt {4+\frac {2 \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \left (\EllipticF \left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4+\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )-\EllipticE \left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4+\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )\right )}{2 \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}\, \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}\, \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}\) | \(471\) |
risch | \(\frac {x \left (5 c^{2} x^{4}+8 b c \,x^{2}+15 a c +b^{2}\right ) \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}}{35 c}+\frac {-\frac {\left (16 a b c -2 b^{3}\right ) a \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {4-\frac {2 \left (-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \sqrt {4+\frac {2 \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \left (\EllipticF \left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4+\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )-\EllipticE \left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4+\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )\right )}{2 \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}\, \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}\, \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}+\frac {5 a^{2} c \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {4-\frac {2 \left (-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \sqrt {4+\frac {2 \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \EllipticF \left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4+\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )}{\sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}\, \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}}-\frac {a \,b^{2} \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {4-\frac {2 \left (-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \sqrt {4+\frac {2 \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \EllipticF \left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4+\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )}{4 \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}\, \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}}}{35 c}\) | \(571\) |
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Maxima [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Failed to integrate} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Fricas [F(-2)]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Exception raised: TypeError} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Sympy [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \left (a + b x^{2} + c x^{4}\right )^{\frac {3}{2}}\, dx \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Giac [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {could not integrate} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Mupad [F]
time = 0.00, size = -1, normalized size = -0.00 \begin {gather*} \int {\left (c\,x^4+b\,x^2+a\right )}^{3/2} \,d x \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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